Protocolo sepsis neonatal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31790/inspilip.v8i26.679Palabras clave:
Recién Nacido, Sepsis, Infecciones, Antibacterianos, Cultivo de Sangre, NeonatologíaResumen
La sepsis neonatal sigue siendo un importante problema de salud pública en muchos países. En Ecuador es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad en recién nacidos, especialmente en neonatos prematuros o de bajo peso. El diagnóstico se basa en la presencia de factores de riesgo, criterios clínicos, marcadores de inflamación-infección y alteraciones en el hemograma, así como en la realización de hemocultivos. Es fundamental identificar el origen de la infección y aislar al patógeno, aunque esto no siempre es posible. La antibioticoterapia empírica debe iniciarse tan pronto como se sospeche la infección, y los ajustes posteriores se deben basar en el antibiograma, preferiblemente con esquemas de corta duración y vigilancia estrecha. Se debe considerar desescalar el tratamiento una vez controlado el foco infeccioso. Las complicaciones más graves de la sepsis neonatal incluyen la meningitis, el choque séptico y la muerte. El uso adecuado y racional de antibióticos, junto con la identificación temprana de los neonatos de riesgo, puede ayudar a disminuir la incidencia de sepsis neonatal. Se presenta el protocolo de tratamiento de sepsis del Hospital Gineco Obstétrico Isidro Ayora, un centro hospitalario de tercer nivel que atiende los casos obstétricos y perinatales más complejos desde su inauguración. Este protocolo se realizó de acuerdo con A Reporting Tool for Practice Guidelines in Health Care: The RIGHT Statement.
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