Consideraciones anestésicas en la diabetes mellitus: revisión narrativa

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31790/inspilip.v21i7.344

Palabras clave:

Anestesia., Periodo Perioperatorio., Diabetes Mellitus., Hiperglucemia.

Resumen

La diabetes mellitus (DM) desencadena complicaciones agudas y crónicas. Los individuos con DM que requieren una intervención quirúrgica se consideran pacientes de riesgo elevado. En efecto, entre los pacientes diabéticos gran parte de las intervenciones quirúrgicas se consideran consecuencia de las complicaciones de la DM. Cabe destacar, que la cirugía y la anestesia general constituyen un estrés que incrementa los niveles plasmáticos de glucosa lo que determina una significativa tendencia a la hiperglicemia y la cetoacidosis. La cirugía, su tipo y duración incrementan la secreción de glucagón, catecolaminas e inhibe la secreción de insulina por las células beta pancreáticas. En casos de cirugía electiva se recomiendan sostener niveles de hemoglobina glucosilada ≤ 8.5%. En consecuencia, se demanda contar con los recursos necesarios para realizar el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la hiperglucemia perioperatoria, con el fin de disminuir sus complicaciones.
Palabras clave: Anestesia. Periodo Perioperatorio. Diabetes Mellitus. Hiperglucemia

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Publicado

01/05/2023 — Actualizado el 01/05/2023

Versiones

Cómo citar

Cali, C., & Pérez, W. (2023). Consideraciones anestésicas en la diabetes mellitus: revisión narrativa. INSPILIP, 7(21), 1/7. https://doi.org/10.31790/inspilip.v21i7.344